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Seborrhea or seborrheic dermatitis is a skin disorder in which the sebaceous glands produce an excessive amount of sebum causing scaly, flaky, itchy, and red skin. It typically affects the back, face, and flanks. It may be worse in areas with skin folds, such as the feet, neck, lips, armpits, thighs, and underside. Seborrhea can be a primary or secondary disease and is diagnosed using multiple tests to determine the underlying cause. Treatment and management depend on the cause and may include topical therapies, oral anti-inflammatories, and antibiotics.
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Dogs do so much more than entertain us with tricks or accompany us on walks. Their abilities as service dogs are astounding. Gaining in popularity, dogs that assist people who have seizures play an important role in the lives of their owners.
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Seizures and syncope are commonly confused with one another due to similarities in the appearance of these episodes. Both present with collapse but there are several details, explained in this handout, that can differentiate between them, which is important for determining treatment. The prognosis for each condition varies depending on the underlying causes.
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Seizures are one of the most frequently reported neurological conditions in dogs. A seizure may also be referred to as a convulsion or fit and is characterized by a temporary involuntary disturbance of normal brain function, usually accompanied by uncontrollable muscle tremors or spasms. There are many causes of seizures. Once anticonvulsant medication is started, it must be given for life.
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Selemectin is used topically on the skin to treat various parasites, both on and off label. Side effects are rare but may include hair loss at application site, gastrointestinal upset, skin reactions, or neurologic signs. Use with caution in sick or underweight pets, or dogs with the MDR1 mutation. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Selegiline is typically given by mouth and is used off and on label to treat signs due to cognitive dysfunction syndrome, pituitary dependent Cushing’s disease, anxiety and certain phobias. Side effects may include vomiting, diarrhea, drooling, lack of appetite, and behavioral changes. Do not use in pets that are allergic to it, are aggressive, or in pets receiving other MAOIs, including certain tick collars. If a negative reaction occurs, please call your veterinary office.
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Canine agility training provides exercise and mental stimulation for both handler and dog. Older agility dogs also benefit from strengthening the bond with their owners, socializing with other dogs, and fulfilling natural hunting instincts. A physical exam and veterinary consultation before starting a new exercise regimen is advised.
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Senior dogs are in the stage of life where aging begins to affect every organ system. Some organs wear out faster or are more susceptible to cumulative damage than others, so certain observations are critical. While it is true that old age is not a disease, older dogs do merit special attention, including routine health exams twice yearly. This is important so that if your dog develops a disease, it can be recognized and treated as early as possible, thereby maintaining his quality of life for as long as possible.
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Separation anxiety describes dogs that usually are overly attached or dependent on family members. They become extremely anxious and show distress behaviors such as vocalization, destruction, or house-soiling when separated from the owners.
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Septic arthritis occurs when bacteria or another infectious agent is introduced into one or more joints, leading to painful inflammation. The signs of septic arthritis include heat, swelling, and pain in one or more joints. There is typically decreased range of motion in the affected joint(s), as well as fever, lethargy, and lack of appetite. This handout discusses causes, signs, treatment, and follow-up care.